By James Gonda.
Bettie Oliver went over the falls in a barrel because she needed money. Her husband and his paycheck had perished in the Spanish-American war. To survive, she had to scrimp every penny. Oh, Bettie had a job—she was an itinerant music teacher. Her latest stop was Owatonna, Minnesota; her chosen instrument was the cello. But a widow living on a teacher’s salary in 1901 was a tough row to hoe, and Bettie had tired of the hardscrabble life.
Our Bettie was 29 years old. She was smart and handsome with chestnut brown hair and root-beer eyes. She contrived the barrel stunt while perusing the newspaper. The Pan-American Expo was in full swing in Buffalo, New York, sixteen miles south of Niagara Falls. Thousands of people were flocking to the Electric City. The organizers had also billed the falls as a spectacular sideshow that one MUST see. When President McKinley came to the Expo two months earlier, even he went to experience the “. . . the grandeur and majesty of the falls.”
Bettie read about daredevils performing exploits at the falls. The most audacious was the tightrope walker. He made the precarious trip over the roaring waters, one careful foot in front of the other. The article did not mention anyone going over the falls. But oh, what an attraction that would be! Then Bettie had a lightbulb moment. Imagine if she dropped over the falls in a barrel and survived. Why, fame and fortune would cascade over her like the falls themselves. Her bank account would rival the till at the local saloon, replete with paper money.
Bettie launched her plan immediately. She hopped a train to Niagara Falls and found lodging in a cheap boarding house. She retained a manager to promote the event. She branded herself as QUEEN of the MIST. She looked to two celebrities for inspiration, Harry Houdini, and Nellie Bly. Houdini was the great escape artist of the day. Bly was the reporter who had circumnavigated the globe in less than 80 days. After her return, the world traveler embarked on a lecture tour and raked in the cash. Bettie dreamed of doing the same.
Bettie went to work designing the barrel. It was a modified pickle barrel, five feet high and three feet in diameter. Bettie showed her rendering to a few barrel makers. Most scoffed and waved her off—they wanted nothing to do with her over-the-falls stunt. They claimed a public suicide would “taint” their business.
But Bettie persisted and found a manufacturer willing to make her sketch a reality. Kentucky Oak, as hard as steel, was the chosen material. Iron fittings bound the pieces together. There was cushioning inside and over-the-shoulder straps to hold Bettie in place. Carpenters drilled two air holes into the lid and then plugged them with corks. To right the barrel in the water, they encased a heavy anvil in its bottom. Once completed, the barrel weighed 160 pounds. Bettie herself painted it black and stenciled BETTIE OLIVER ~ QUEEN of the MIST on its side.
Bettie tested the barrel before her performance; she sent it over the falls with her cat inside. The barrel held up under the crushing water and the feline survived with only a small cut on its head. The rumor was the kitty went into the barrel a marmalade tabby and came out snow white, head to tail. The terror of the experience had altered its color.
The day finally arrived for Bettie’s big show. It was also her birthday—the big three-o. A mass of onlookers had gathered along the riverside. Meanwhile, Bettie and her crew were upriver from the Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side. The outside temperature was 45 degrees and cloudy—a typical October day. Bettie waved to the crowd and then squeezed into the oversized barrel. A handler attached the lid and then pumped in compressed air with a bicycle pump. He yelled into a hole and asked if she were ready. He put his ear to the hole and then smiled. He turned to the crowd and gave a thumbs up. They erupted into applause. He stuffed corks into the holes and the Queen of the Mist was set adrift.
Before too long the barrel bobbed its way down the Niagara River. It moved at a rapid pace. As it reached the precipice of the falls, it disappeared into the mist. Then it dropped 158 feet to the rocky bottom. The crowd kept their eyes on the water, waiting for the big black barrel to reappear at any moment.
After 20 minutes or so, there was no sign of the barrel. Onlookers peered up and down the waterway and saw nothing. Her handlers gazed at one another, flummoxed. Where was their star? She should have reemerged by now. What could they do? 60 minutes passed, then 90, then several more hours. The Queen of the Mist had morphed into The Queen of the Missing.
A massive search ensued involving scores of people and hundreds of hours. The Army sent a Search & Rescue team. They found nothing to show that Bettie Oliver had ever been near the falls. Who was her next of kin?
The indigenous peoples who lived in the area called the falls the God of Thunder. They venerated the falls and approached the roaring waters with caution and respect. For them, the falls was not a tourist attraction or a place for silly stunts. The falls was their cathedral.
Some believe the God of Thunder swallowed Bettie as an atonement for the sins of the Europeans. Others maintained she was a sacrifice, to appease the God of Thunder and remain in his (or her) favor. Either way, Bettie and her pickle barrel were gone without a trace. No one could offer a more plausible explanation for her disappearance.
Henceforth, no man or woman dared to challenge the falls for many, many years. The God of Thunder loomed too large and too supreme.